The Tenants Of A Foolproof Governmental System - 2264 Words

What are the tenants of a foolproof governmental system? How does one man or a group lead a much larger society to prosper and grow? These are hard questions to answer, but there have been a few key figures in history who have tried to answer them. Among the earliest texts on this topic, Confucius’ Analects give some key insights into the topic. He seems to think the key to this perfect government is for the leader and the people to be a â€Å"gentleman†. Plato brings a more detailed view on the topic with his The Republic. He decides that the key is to have everyone specialized in the job they have the most aptitude in. Then comes Machiavelli and his The Prince, with his seemingly pessimistic view on life, to give stricter rules for the leader to follow. He says to always be prepared in war and to put up a faà §ade of virtue while doing what needs to be done in the background. Once someone takes all three of these texts into context, they can begin to form a picture how ancient and even modern governments are and have been run. Although, one has to keep in mind that each of these men also thought they had the definite answer to this perfect society, so keep studying their and even more modern works. Confucius’ main attribute for a model government was a model leader that the people could follow and try to mimic. This leader should be virtuous and a â€Å"gentleman† while studying history and ritual. He explains that one is virtuous â€Å"If he treats worthy persons as worthy and isShow MoreRelatedImpact of Consumer Protection Agencie in Nigeria15948 Words   |  64 Pagesensuring that they make profit. Most advertisers often go ahead to make unrealistic claims about their products and services in order to bait the consumer into patronizing them. It has been established that there exist various government and non-governmental organizations whose primary functions centers around consumer protection and security. It is also known that Nigeria as a consumer nation is susceptible to dumping and other sharp practices by merchants of death, especially food, drugs and such

Essay Case Study Early American Education - 826 Words

Frances Evans Barton DVD Notes Instructions: As you watch the Barton DVD, complete the Barton DVD Notes document. Provide at least 3 sentences for each section, except for the final section, which requires a complete, substantive paragraph. You will be required to submit the completed chart during Module/Week 4. â€Å"The philosophy of the _____school room______________ in one generation will be the philosophy of ___government_________________ of the next.† – Abraham Lincoln Early American Education Harvard Harvard Directives to students were to study is to know God and Jesus which is eternal life (John 17:3) Harvard’s motto for â€Å"For Christ and the church â€Å"for the glory of Christ. Produced declaration signers: William Hooper,†¦show more content†¦The New England Primer The first textbook printed in America 20th century and remains the common for students to learn to read. Textbook was small made it easy for children to carry in their saddle bags†¦.. Students were taught rhyming alphabet, alphabet of lessons for youth. Shorter catechism. Benjamin Franklin Was considered to be the least religious of the founder fathers. Reprinted The Primer Helped to found African schools. Thomas Paine Attacked schools in regards to science not studying about the creator. Moral/Religion should be a part of education. Did not believe education should be without the Bible. Famous American Textbooks and Educators McGuffey Readers University president and professor Readers sold over 122 million copies for 75 years â€Å"The School Master of the Nation†. Emma Willard Women education pioneer Championed academic education Started women’s schools were math and philosophy were taught. Booker T. Washington Headed Tuskegee Institute. Started a Bible College Students became leaders and educators. Daniel Webster Had a direct influence on education. Three decades of Congress. Argued several cases before the U.S. Supreme Court. Measuring Results of Educational Philosophies Martin Luther Efforts in public education was fostered by Martin philosophies. He advocated publicShow MoreRelatedThe Myth of Equal Education Essay1727 Words   |  7 Pagesas the champion of equality in every aspect of its society; however, this is often not the case. This is true in every aspect of life, but is very evident specifically in the American education system. Although America claims to give an equal education to all, regardless of any external factors, economic class often plays a role in what type and how good of an education a student may receive. Since education is the basis for future success, this inequity resulting from socioeconomic status impliesRead MoreUnderstanding the purpose of american public education Essay1062 Words   |  5 PagesUnderstanding the Purpose of American Public Education American public education has undergone a dramatic transformation over the past several hundred years. This transformation not only includes technology and appearance, but diversity and policies as well. However, an age-old question is still being pondered today. What is the purpose of American public education? Although you may have your own answer for this question; not everyone may agree with you. This is where the problem resides. How canRead MoreBiography Of Catherine Ceniza Choy s Empire Of Care1702 Words   |  7 PagesCatherine Ceniza Choy, author of the book Empire of Care, is currently an Asian American Studies professor and department chair of Ethnic Studies at the University of California, Berkeley. With a Ph.D in history from the University of California, Los Angeles, her research interest is on the impact of United States‟ global presence, particularly in Asian countries. In Empire of Care: Nursing and Migration in Filipino American History (2003), Choy question the reasons underlying the massive exports ofRead MoreThe Treatment Of Breast Cancer1309 Words   |  6 Pages Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common malignant disease occurring in women in Saudi society. After study and research, it found that two-thirds of the injuries in the Saudi society are diagnosed in advanced stages. The reasons for that are the lack of education for necessary of Self-examination and clinical examination annual, leading to the spread of the disease further. In addition to genetic changes, environmental pollution, bad lifestyle , Obesity ,Lack of exercise are also factorsRead MoreThe United States Legal Responsibility For Indian Education892 Words   |  4 PagesIndian are still being felt today. Many traditional Native American languages have become extinct, and the future tribal leaders are struggling to perform at comparable levels with mainstream American students. The upcoming generation does not know their traditional culture or language. This threatens tribal sovereignty (Mesa, 2015). There are differing opinions regarding the United States’ legal res ponsibility for Indian education. The Supreme Court has continually held that Indian tribes areRead MoreInfanticide And Single Sex Education1284 Words   |  6 PagesCoeducation and single-sex education are both extensively used around the world. By the 1980s, more and more schools which only severed male or female became coed. Even though, many parents still send their kids to only men school or only women school now days. Then why would some people choose a only men or only women school? Is it against the â€Å"gender equality†? In the early civilizations, education was informally and it was primarily households. As time passed, people began to get educated moreRead MoreSexually Transmitted Disease ( Std )939 Words   |  4 Pagesof STD prevention is nearly half of the new cases of infected individuals are young adults between the ages of 15-24 (U. S. Department of Health Human Services [HHS], 2015). Adolescents between the age of 15-19 and young adults between the age of 20-24 are at a disproportionate rate in the number of new STD cases yearly, in comparison to adults and older adults (HHS, 2015). Furthermore, not all STD cases are reported or accounted for annually, and case numbers are possibly much higher than the reportedRead MoreEducation Is A Fundamental Right For Everyone965 Words   |  4 PagesEducation is a fundamental right for everyone. However is that right being challenged in today’s society? Are the rights of those who are entitled to fair education being infringed upon due to poli cy and funding? These concerns are not only of today’s parents and future parents. These are also concerns of current students who are striving to obtain and maintain an education. Our economic standards are changing and could a fair education for the poor be on the brink of extinction? Extinction seemsRead MoreThe Correlation Between Sedentary Life Style And Eating Habits And Development Of Type II Diabetes1363 Words   |  6 PagesThe correlation between sedentary life style and eating habits and development of Type II Diabetes in African American young adults under 30 years old.† A Non-Thesis Project Presented to The Faculty of the College of Graduate Studies Lamar University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in Health Promotion Brittny Bratcher 12/1/2013 Introduction According to the Centers for Disease Control, diabetes is a metabolic disease that elevates the bloodRead MoreThe Issues Of Measuring Intelligence1694 Words   |  7 Pagesparticular standard measure of conducting these studies. In education, the assertion that black children have poor language skills because of poor childhood backgrounds as a result of the ghetto effect does not hold water. This is a notion most scientist have conflict with as it’s a false assertion based on biased facts. Stereotype influences research regarding the topic; have made most of the studies done seem inefficient. Key words: Race, education, braised, stereotypes, childhood, inefficient

Depression and Common Mental Disorders †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Depression and Common Mental Disorders. Answer: Introduction: Mental illness or disorder refers to psychiatric problems or behavioural mental patterns that are responsible for bringing about significant impairment or distress of personal functioning. Such problems are relapsing or persistent and are found to occur in the form or single or several episodes (Clement et al. 2015). Most mental health problems usually affect men and women equally. However, some of the mental disorders have been found to occur more among women. There are a range of social factors that put women at an increased risk of suffering from poor mental health status than men (Chambers et al. 2014). This essay will talk about higher prevalence of anxiety and depression among women and will elaborate on relevant theory to explain the same. Anxiety and depression are associated with significant burden of mortality and morbidity (Izard 2013). Gender is considered as an essential determinant of mental illness. Substantial attention has been given to morbidity that is associated with several mental disorders, when compared to than gender-specific mechanisms and determinants responsible for promoting and protecting mental health. Gender is responsible for determining differential power and controls gender over the major socioeconomic determinants that influence the mental health (Maguen et al. 2012). Gender differences also create an impact on social position, lives, treatment and status in the society and increase the exposure and susceptibility to specific mental health diseases. Gender differences are particularly found to affect prevalence of anxiety, depression, and somatic complaints (Eaton et al. 2012). These disorders are predominantly found among women and affect 1 in 3 people, globally (Whiteford et al. 2013). Anxiety disorders are defined by restlessness, extreme fear, and muscle tension and are disabling or debilitating. This in turn increases the risk of depression and suicidal ideations (Lader 2015). Anxiety disorder is ranked 6th in terms of its contribution to global disability (3.4%). The global population had a proportion of 3.6% suffering from anxiety disorders in 2015. Further reports also suggested that as many as 7.7% females suffered from this disorder (when compared to 3.6% males) (World Health Organization 2017). Anxiety has been viewed as one of the basic manifestations of maladaptive metacognitions that encompass several vulnerabilities of psychological disorders. Some of the most common factors that contribute to prevalence of anxiety disorder in women include work-related stress, sexist attitudes from family and friends, and overload of domestic responsibility (Wrtzen et al. 2013). According to surveys, an estimated 45% people experience mental health problems in their lifetime (Beyondblue.org.au 2018). The National Survey of Mental Health suggested that anxiety disorder was found to affect 1 in 7 people, living in Australia, which accounted for 14.4% of the population (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2018). Research findings further illustrate that men with reduced serotonin levels are more impulsive, but are least likely to experience changes in their responses to induced chemical changes (Albert, Vahid-Ansari and Luckhart 2014). On the other hand, women show an increased susceptibility to experience mood-lowering effects in them. Thus, low serotonin levels are likely to result in an increased and more sensitive response to stress. Depression refers to the state of persistent low mood and aversion to all kinds of activities that eventually affects the behaviour, thoughts and sense of wellbeing of an individual (Hammen et al. 2012). Further evidences suggest that depression is prevalent in around 1 million adults in Australia. According to reports published by the National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing 2007, depression was found to affect around 6.2% of the Australian population, aged between 16-85 years (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2018). Further statistics states that it affects approximately 350 million individuals globally, with women being twice more likely to get diagnosed with depression than men (Martin, Neighbors and Griffith 2013). Freud postulated the fact that women were more likely to neurosis due to experiences of aggression towards themselves, as a direct manifestation of developmental issues. Eaglys social role theory can be cited as the probable explanation for such differences that arise in mental behaviour (Olson, Zanna and Herman 2013). It is a social role theory that pertains to similarities and differences in sex related social behaviour. The key principles of the theory states that the differences arise primarily due to disparities in distribution of social roles of men and women in the society. Social roles consider women more likely to work as homemakers and as primary caretakers of the family and children in the paid economy (Eckes and Trautner 2012). On the other hand, men are considered more suitable for performing tasks that involve assertiveness, physical strength and leadership skills. Thus, the theory pertains to the sex differences in the social behaviour that makes women more prone to su ffer from mental problems. Differences in the distribution of their social roles in the society through assumption of the gender roles make women have poorer experiences while performing their pre-determined roles, subsequently resulting in a stress, and creating more conflicts among their roles. Gender roles and societal patriarchy are thus believed to have adverse effects on the psychological perceptions of men and women. Thus, the theory states that all roles are linked to societal functioning and social status or positions (Koenig and Eagly 2014). The major factors that contribute to an increased prevalence of depression among women include fluctuations in hormonal levels during puberty or menopause, ruminative nature of women, sociocultural factors such as, stress and discrimination. Increased life expectancy among women are also linked with loneliness, bereavement, and poor mental health that directly results in development of depressive symptoms. Women are likely to experience discrimination and harassment at the workplace that becomes difficult to combat due to concerns regarding threats or embarrassment. Such discrimination is stressful and subtle and makes it easy for the perpetrators to deny the harm done (Kimbrough et al. 2013). Women are also entitled with the primary responsibility of conducting domestic tasks, and are often put under pressure to accomplish certain goals. This makes it difficult for women to maintain positive relations with family and results in manifestation of generalized anxiety disorder. Thus, th e theory helps in correlating gender with prevalence of the aforementioned mental disorders in women. To conclude, it can be stated that gender differences can be attributed to a combination of factors, such as, brain chemistry, hormonal fluctuations, and social factors. Impact of certain factors such as, control on working outside the domestic sphere will lead to women experience a range of mental illnesses. Hence, development of internalized symptoms by women, which in turn directs problematic feeling towards self accounts for the higher prevalence of mental illness among women. References Albert, P.R., Vahid-Ansari, F. and Luckhart, C., 2014. Serotonin-prefrontal cortical circuitry in anxiety and depression phenotypes: pivotal role of pre-and post-synaptic 5-HT1A receptor expression.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience,8, p.199. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare., 2018.Mental health services in Australia, Prevalence and policies - Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. [online] Available at: https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/mental-health-services/mental-health-services-in-australia/report-contents/summary/prevalence-and-policies [Accessed 18 Apr. 2018]. Beyondblue.org.au. (2018).beyondblue. [online] Available at: https://www.beyondblue.org.au/the-facts [Accessed 2 Apr. 2018]. Chambers, C., Chiu, S., Scott, A.N., Tolomiczenko, G., Redelmeier, D.A., Levinson, W. and Hwang, S.W., 2014. Factors associated with poor mental health status among homeless women with and without dependent children.Community mental health journal,50(5), pp.553-559. Clement, S., Schauman, O., Graham, T., Maggioni, F., Evans-Lacko, S., Bezborodovs, N., Morgan, C., Rsch, N., Brown, J.S.L. and Thornicroft, G., 2015. What is the impact of mental health-related stigma on help-seeking? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies.Psychological medicine,45(1), pp.11-27. Eaton, N.R., Keyes, K.M., Krueger, R.F., Balsis, S., Skodol, A.E., Markon, K.E., Grant, B.F. and Hasin, D.S., 2012. An invariant dimensional liability model of gender differences in mental disorder prevalence: evidence from a national sample.Journal of abnormal psychology,121(1), p.282. Eckes, T. and Trautner, H.M., 2012. Social role theory of sex differences and similarities: A current appraisal. InThe developmental social psychology of gender(pp. 137-188). Psychology Press. Hammen, C., Hazel, N.A., Brennan, P.A. and Najman, J., 2012. Intergenerational transmission and continuity of stress and depression: Depressed women and their offspring in 20 years of follow-up.Psychological medicine,42(5), pp.931-942. Izard, C.E., 2013.Patterns of emotions: A new analysis of anxiety and depression. Academic Press, pp.1-26. Kimbrough, A.M., Guadagno, R.E., Muscanell, N.L. and Dill, J., 2013. Gender differences in mediated communication: Women connect more than do men.Computers in Human Behavior,29(3), pp.896-900. Koenig, A.M. and Eagly, A.H., 2014. Evidence for the social role theory of stereotype content: Observations of groups roles shape stereotypes.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,107(3), p.371. Lader, M., 2015. Generalized anxiety disorder. InEncyclopedia of Psychopharmacology(pp. 699-702). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Maguen, S., Luxton, D.D., Skopp, N.A. and Madden, E., 2012. Gender differences in traumatic experiences and mental health in active duty soldiers redeployed from Iraq and Afghanistan.Journal of psychiatric research,46(3), pp.311-316. Martin, L.A., Neighbors, H.W. and Griffith, D.M., 2013. The experience of symptoms of depression in men vs women: analysis of the National Comorbidity Survey Replication.JAMA psychiatry,70(10), pp.1100-1106. Olson, J.M., Zanna, M.P. and Herman, C.P., 2013. Recounting the past: Gender differences in the recall of events in the history of a close relationship. InSelf-inference processes(pp. 147-164). Psychology Press. Whiteford, H.A., Degenhardt, L., Rehm, J., Baxter, A.J., Ferrari, A.J., Erskine, H.E., Charlson, F.J., Norman, R.E., Flaxman, A.D., Johns, N. and Burstein, R., 2013. Global burden of disease attributable to mental and substance use disorders: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010.The Lancet,382(9904), pp.1575-1586. World Health Organization,(2017).Depression and other common mental disorders- global health estimates. [online]Available from https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/254610/WHO-MSD-MER-2017.2-eng.pdf;jsessionid=9A0EE0981578A7DF0BA9FBE3B7F4C61B?sequence=1.[Accessed on 18 april 2018]. Wrtzen, H., Dalton, S.O., Elsass, P., Sumbundu, A.D., Steding-Jensen, M., Karlsen, R.V., Andersen, K.K., Flyger, H.L., Pedersen, A.E. and Johansen, C., 2013. Mindfulness significantly reduces self-reported levels of anxiety and depression: results of a randomised controlled trial among 336 Danish women treated for stage IIII breast cancer.European Journal of Cancer,49(6), pp.1365-1373.

The dairy of anne frank Essay Example For Students

The dairy of anne frank Essay 1885 thru 1898 Governess for a Polish family 1891 Became a student at the Sorbonne in Paris 1894 Studied the magnetic properties of steel 1896 Studies the glowing rays with Be cer al 1898 Pierre joins her in the study of Polonium and Radium 1900-1906 Teaches Physics at a all girls school in Paris. 1903 Awarded doctoral of Physical Science degree from University of Paris 1903 Shared the Nobel prize in Psychics with Pierre and Bec er al 1904 Marie went with Pierre when he was hired by the Sorbonne as a professor 1906 Pierre killed in a accident and Marie takes over as a professor at the Sorbonne 1908 Marie became a full professor at the Sorbonne 1914 thru 1918 Help treat the wounded soldiers of WORLD WAR 1 1921 Came to the United States for a visit 1922 Elected to the French academy of Medicine 1929 Came back to the United States for another visit Marie Slowdoski Curie in her words. I was born in 1867 in Warsaw Poland. By 1878 my mother died of TB. I then went to private school in Poland but we were not allowed to speak Polish. We will write a custom essay on The dairy of anne frank specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now One day the Russian inspector came to make sure that we were learning our lessons in Russian and not the forbidden polish language. When I was asked a question in Russian I answered back in perfect Russian much to the inspectors delight. The inspector didnt know that I spoke German, English and French also. From 1885 thru 1898 I was a governess for a Polish family, in 1891 I became a student at the Sorbonne in Paris. I met Pierre In 1894 at the Sorbonne. They wanted me to do a studied on the magnetic properties of steel. I did not have a place to do my study so a friend introduced me to Pierre Curie who managed a place where I could do my study. 1895 Pierre and I where married. 1896 I Studied the glowing rays in the pitch blend with my friend Bec er al and in 1897 I Coined the term Radio activity. Also our First child was born in 1897, we named her E Ren. By 1898 Pierre joins me in the study of Polonium and Radium. In the 1900s I taught Physics at a all girls school in Paris. In 1902 to our great joy I Isolates Radium, but that same year my Father dies. In 1903 Im Awarded Doctoral of Physical Science degree from University of Paris and in 1903 I Shared the Nobel prize in Psychics with Pierre and Bec er al. 1904 Pierre was hired by the Sorbonne as a professor and I decided to go back with him to the Sorbonne. Our second child Eve is born but our family life last only two more years, in 1906 Pierre fell in front of a horse drawn wagon and was killed. I am asked to takes over as a professor at the Sorbonne but it is not until 1908 that I become a full professor at the Sorbonne. In 1911 I receive the Nobel prize in Chemistry. 1914 thru 1918 I Help treat the wounded soldiers of WORLD WAR 1. 1922 I am elected to the French academy of Medicine and in 1934 I Dies of Radiation poisoning in France. Before I read this book I though Marie Curie would be a boring person to be. After I read the book I found out Marie was not so boring and is pretty exciting Three thing I learned where that Marie was the smartest girl at her private school, she was good friends with Albert Einstein, and she was the only person to get two Nobel prizes. I would recommend this book to anyone how wants to read about a grate person. I thought it was an OK book if you like biography. .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e , .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e .postImageUrl , .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e , .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e:hover , .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e:visited , .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e:active { border:0!important; } .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e:active , .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u333bd48c1a31324405de2daaffe0c91e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: About the Law Essay I dont like biography so I didnt like this book to much. 1934 Dies of Radiation poisoning in France Bibliography: .

French Words Starting With G, H, I and J

French Words Starting With G, H, I and J Improve your French vocabulary by studying common words in the language starting with letters G, H, I and  J. Listen to the pronunciation of these words and practice using them in context. French Words That Start With G G the letter G French alphabet gab Gabriel Gabriel French names Gabrielle Gabrielle French names gà ¢cher to waste, spoil, botch; to temper, mix MdJ - G une gaffe blunder, clanger/foot in the mouth MdJ - G gager to bet, wager; to guarantee (a loan) MdJ - G un gagne-pain (inf) - job MdJ - G gagner galaxie une galà ¨re galley (of a ship) MdJ - G gamin (adj) - mischievous, playful, childish MdJ - G un gamin (inf) - kid, urchin MdJ - G une gamme range, variety, line (of products), (music) scale MdJ - G des gants (m) gloves Accessories une garderie day-care center, preschool; after-school center/club MdJ - G la gare train station Transportation la gare d'autobus bus station Transportation la gare de mà ©tro subway station Transportation le gaspi (inf) - waste Apocopes gaspiller to waste, squander MdJ - G Gaston French names le gà ¢teau cake Dessert gà ¢ter to spoil, damage, ruin MdJ - G gaver to forcefeed; to fill up, cram MdJ - G le gaz (natural) gas, fizz, wind MdJ - G gazer (inf) - to go, feel, work MdJ - G gazouiller to chirp, to babble MdJ - G gele geler to freeze (literally and figuratively) MdJ - G gà ©mir to moan, bemoan, groan; to creak MdJ - G gencive gà ªner to bother, to hamper (literally and fig) MdJ - G Genevià ¨ve French names gà ©nial (adj) - of genius, inspired; (inf) - great, cool MdJ - G le genou knee Body gentil (adj) - kind, nice, good MdJ - G Georges George French names un gà ©rant manager Professions Gà ©rard Gerald French names gercer to chap, crack MdJ - G gà ©rer to manage, administer MdJ - G une gifle slap, smack MdJ - G Gilbert Gilbert French names Gilles Giles French names giratoire (adj) - gyrating, circular movement MdJ - G un gà ®te shelter, tourist cottage MdJ - G givrà © (adj) - frosted, covered in frost; (inf) - drunk; crazy MdJ - G la glace ice cream, mirror Dessert, Furniture un glaà §on ice cube; block of ice MdJ - G gnon dent, bump, blow MdJ - G gober to swallow whole, (inf) to swallow hook, line, and sinker MdJ - G godiche (informal adj) silly, awkward, lumpish, oafish MdJ - G une gomme eraser School gonfler to inflate, swell; (fam) - to get on one's nerves MdJ - G un/e gosse (inf) - kid MdJ - G se gourer (fam) - to goof, boob, screw up MdJ - G le goà »ter snack Food une goutte drop, gout, (inf) brandy MdJ - G un grain bean, seed, grain, cereal MdJ - G grand (adj) - tall Descriptions un grand magasin department store Shopping une grand-mà ¨re grandmother Family un grand-pà ¨re grandfather Family le gratte-ciel (invariable) - skyscraper MdJ - G gratter to scratch, to make itch, to earn a bit of money MdJ - G le grà © liking, desire MdJ - G la greffe transplant, graft MdJ - G Grà ©goire Gregory French names le grenier attic Home une griffe claw; manufacturer's label, signature stamp MdJ - G grignoter to nibble, gnaw at; to eat away at MdJ - G un gril steak/grill pan MdJ - G grimper to climb, clamber MdJ - G la grippe flu, influenza MdJ - G gris grey Colors grog grogner grumble, grunt, moan MdJ - G grognon (adj) - grumpy, gruff MdJ - G gros (adj) - fat Descriptions un groupuscule (pej) - small political group MdJ - G une grue crane (machinery and bird) MdJ - G guetter to watch, watch out for, lie in wait for; to be at risk of MdJ - G un guichet automatique de banque (GAB) ATM / cash dispenser MdJ - G un guidon handlebars MdJ - G Guillaume William French names un guillemet quotation mark, inverted comma Punctuation Gustave French names Guy Bill French names French Words That Start With H H the letter H French alphabet une habitude habit MdJ - H hà ¢ler to get some sun (can mean to tan or to burn) MdJ - H haletant (adj) panting, breathless; suspenseful MdJ - H hardg hardx un haricot bean Vegetables un hasard coincidence, chance, fate, luck MdJ - H hausser to raise MdJ - H haut hautement highly, very Trà ¨s synonyms Hà ©là ¨ne Helen, Ellen French names hemorroides Henri Henry French names Henriette Henrietta French names l'heure (f) hour, time Telling time heureux (adj) - happy Mood Hexagone (m) Metropolitan France MdJ - H l'hindi Hindi Lang + Nat hisser to hoist, heave, haul up MdJ - H hiver winter Calendar le hockey hockey Hobbies hol (interj) - hello! hang on! MdJ - H un homme a man Liaisons les hommes arrivent the men arrive Optional liaisons Honorà © (honored) French names un hà ´pital hospital Directions hoqueter to hiccup, hiccough MdJ - H un horaire timetable, schedule, hourly employee MdJ - H une horreur horror, awfulness; loathing MdJ - H horripilant (adj) - exasperating, trying MdJ - H hors de service les hors d'oeuvre (m) appetizers Food hors service out of order Travel Hortense French names un hà ´tel hotel Accommodations hotess de l'air houleux (adj) - stormy, turbulent, tumultuous MdJ - H Hugues Hugo French names huit 8 Numbers humide (adj) - humid Weather hydratante hyper (inf) really, mega Trà ¨s synonyms hypertension hypotension French Words That Start With I I the letter I French alphabet ici idà ©e il he, it Subject pronouns Il est It is Dates Il est deux heures. It's two o'clock. Telling time Il est heureux He is happy. Optional liaisons Il est ici He is here. Optional liaisons Il est idiot He's an idiot. Optional liaisons Il est une heure. It's one o'clock. Telling time Il fait .... It is... Weather Il gà ¨le It's freezing Weather illustre (adj) - illustrious, renowned MdJ - I Il neige It's snowing Weather un à ®lotier community policeman MdJ - I Il pleut It's raining Weather Il pleut verse It's pouring Weather ils they Subject pronouns Il s'appelle .... His name is... Introductions Ils arriveront They will arrive at Optional liaisons Ils ont Ils ont eu They had Optional liaisons imbiber to soak, saturate MdJ - I imbu (adj) - pompous, full of oneself MdJ - I immediatement immigration impatient (adj) - impatient Personality impec (inf adj) - great! terrific! Apocopes un imper (inf) - raincoat, mac Apocopes un impermà ©able raincoat Clothing implanter to introduce, settle, establish MdJ - I Impossible ! Impossible! Accent affectif imprà ©gner to soak, permeate, fill, pervade MdJ - I une imprimante printer Office impuissant (adj) powerless, helpless, impotent MdJ - I imputer to attribute/ascribe to; to charge to MdJ - I incontournable inescapable, inevitable, indispensable MdJ - I incroyable indà © indy, independent (music, film, etc) MdJ - I un index index finger, forefinger; index MdJ - I Indien (ne) Indian Lang + Nat indignà © (adj) - unworthy, not worthy MdJ - I inà ©dit (adj) - unpublished; novel, new, original MdJ - I Inà ¨s Inez French names infectà © infiniment infinitely, immensely Trà ¨ssynonyms un infirmier, une infirmià ¨re nurse Professions une information a piece of information MdJ - I information touristique tourist information Travel l'informatique (fem) - computer science MdJ - I un ingà ©nieur engineer Professions inhalateur inondation inopinà © (adj) - unexpected MdJ - I inouà ¯ (adj) - unprecendented, unheard of; extraordinary, incredible MdJ - I inquiet (adj) - worried Mood insister to stress, be insistent, emphasize MdJ - I insomniaque installer to set up, put in, fit out, get settled MdJ - I l'instar de following the example of MdJ - I intelligent (adj) - smart Personality interdit (adj) - banned, forbidden, prohibited; dumbfounded, disconcerted MdJ - I intà ©ressant (adj) - interesting, attractive, worthwhile MdJ - I interet interpeller to call out to; to question; be of concern to, appeal to MdJ - I un intitulà © account holder's name; headings, chapter titles MdJ - I introductions invraisemblable (adj) unlikely, improbable, implausible, unimaginable MdJ - I iode l'irlandais Gaelic (language) Lang + Nat Irlandais(e) Irish (person) Lang + Nat Isaac Isaac French names Isabelle Isabel French names une issue exit, solution MdJ - I Italien(ne), l'italien Italian Lang + Nat itou (informal and old-fashioned) - too, likewise MdJ - I French Words That Start With J J the letter J French alphabet Jacqueline Jacqueline French names Jacques James French names Jacquot Jimmy French names J'ai besoin de jaillir spurt out, gush forth, spring out MdJ - J j'aimerais J'ai oublie J'ai un problà ¨me I have a problem Basic vocab J'ai une question I have a question Basic vocab jalonner to mark (fig); to line, stretch along MdJ - J la jambe leg Body le jambon ham Meat janvier January Calendar Japonais(e), le japonais Japanese Lang + Nat le jardin yard, garden Home le jardinage gardening Hobbies jaune yellow Colors je I Subject pronouns un jean jeans Clothing Jean John French names Jeanne Joan, Jean, Jane French names Jeannine Janine French names Jeannot Johnny French names Je m'appelle .... My name is... Introductions Je ne comprends pas I don't understand. Basic vocab Je ne peux pas manger.... I can't eat... Restaurant Je ne peux pas trouver .... I can't find.... Travel Je ne sais pas I don't know Basic vocab Je parle (un peu de) franà §ais I speak (a little) French. Basic vocab Je prends .... I'm having... Restaurant Jà ©rà ´me Jerome French names Je suis ... I am... Restaurant Je suis allà © I went Optional liaisons Je suis dà ©solà ©(e) I'm sorry Politeness Je suis perdu. I'm lost. Travel Je t'adore I adore you Love language Je t'aime (aussi) I love you (too) Love language Je te prà ©sente .... I'd like to introduce... Introductions je t'en prie it was my pleasure Politeness un jeton token; (in a game) - counter, chip; (fam) - bang, dent MdJ - J le jeu play, game MdJ - J jeudi Thursday Calendar Je vais bien I'm fine Greetings Je vais prendre .... I'm going to have... Restaurant Je voudrais .... I would like... Restaurant Je voudrais parler .... I'd like to speak to.... On the phone Je vous en prie It was my pleasure Politeness Je vous le passe. I'm transferring your call. On the phone Je vous prà ©sente .... I'd like to introduce... Introductions le jogging jogging Hobbies joli (adj) - good-looking Descriptions joliment (inf) really Trà ¨s synonyms jonchà © (adj) - littered, strewn with MdJ - J Joseph Joseph French names Josà ©phine Josephine French names Josette French names joual informal dialect of French spoken in Quà ©bec MdJ - J la joue cheek Body jouir de to enjoy; (slang) - to orgasm MdJ - J des joujoux toys Baby talk jour les jours de la semaine days of the week Calendar joyeux noel jucher to perch MdJ - J juillet July Calendar juin June Calendar Jules Julius French names Julie Julie French names Julien Julian French names Juliette Juliet French names une jupe skirt Women's clothing jupiter un jupon half slip Women's clothing jure le jus juice Drinks justement (adv) - exactly, rightly, just, in fact MdJ - J

The Real Shape of Raindrops

The Real Shape of Raindrops Much like the snowflake symbolizes all things winter, a teardrop is a symbol of water and rain. We see them in illustrations and even on weather maps on TV. The truth is, a raindrop assumes several shapes as it falls from a cloud- none of which resemble teardrops. What is the true shape of a raindrop? Lets follow it along its journey from cloud to ground and find out! Droplets Raindrops, which are collections of millions of tiny cloud droplets, start out as small and round spheres. But as raindrops fall, they lose their rounded shape thanks to the tug-of-war between two forces: surface tension (the waters outer surface film which acts to hold the drop together) and the air flow which pushes up against the raindrops bottom as it falls.   Sphere to Hamburger Bun When the drop is small (under 1 mm across), surface tension wins out and pulls it into a spherical shape. But as the drop falls, colliding with other drops as it does so, it grows in size and it falls faster which increases the pressure on its bottom. This added pressure causes the raindrop to flatten on the bottom. Since the air flow on the bottom of the water drop is greater than the airflow at its top, the raindrop  remains curved on top, the raindrop resembles a hamburger bun. Thats right, raindrops have more in common with hamburger buns than falling on them and ruining your cookout- they are shaped like  them! Jelly Bean to Umbrella As the raindrop grows even bigger, the pressure along its bottom increases further and presses a dimple into it, making the raindrop look jelly-bean-shaped. When the raindrop grows to a large size (around 4 mm across or larger) the air flow has pressed so deeply into the water drop that it now resembles a parachute or an  umbrella. Soon after, the air flow presses through the raindrops top and breaks it apart into smaller drops.       To help visualize this process, watch the video, Anatomy of a Raindrop, courtesy of NASA.    Visualizing the Shape Due to the high speeds at which water droplets fall through the atmosphere, it is very difficult to see the variety of shapes it takes in nature without the use of high-speed photography. However, there is a way to model this in the lab, the classroom, or at home. An experiment you can do at home represents an analysis of raindrop shape through experimentation. Now that you know about raindrop shape and size, continue your raindrop exploration by learning why some rainshowers feel warm and others are cool to the touch.   SourcesAre Raindrops Tear-Shaped?  The USGS Water Science School

Joe Orton and the Counter Cultural Movement in the 60's Essay

Joe Orton and the Counter Cultural Movement in the 60's - Essay Example The hardship during the days of the Second World War gave birth to the newest possible philosophies that state it is obvious to follow the trend of open market economy with all its perception of high yielding materialism. This hard cored materialism and pro life oriented attitude was previously known in the western world but now it came into a maximized form which sociologist refer as a pro active action against the mass destruction and insecurity of the last great war. The latest philosophy was to obtain as much as possible that life has to offer. Every social aspect changed with it and along with it changed the world around them. Plays and writer were no different. Colours became more vibrant and approach became more outrageous to keep up with the society. Joe Orton's plays were a product of this period. The funny side of this approach was however different from the basic perception of the life styles of the 1950's through the later 1960 were a confluence of conflicting philosophies. ... (Fletcher, 135-9) It is a well known fact and it has been shown time and again by many literary historians and researchers that the main targeted audience were the baby boomers who had all the opportunities to take all the advantages of almost any and every marketing gimmicks. But Joe Orton's plays had their own vibes even though they supported the antiestablishment norms of the time. Joe Orton was born in 1933 at Leicester and is famous for his social satires in modern playwright history. His career actually span only five years from 1964 to 1967 but within this short time he amused, shocked and outraged the audience with his prolific sense of black comedies that are predominantly scandalous in nature. His major plays include The Ruffian on the Stair, Entertaining Mr Sloane, Loot, The Erpingham Camp, The Good and Faithful Servant, Funeral Games and What the Butler Saw. During his short term as a successful playwright Joe Orton depicted in his plays what was going around in the outer world but he presented them in his own unique manner. (Fletcher, 221-26) Entertaining Mr Sloane was first presented on 1964 and this play appears to be a sexual innuendo with the treatment of a dark presentation. Here we find the characters indulge themselves in murder and rimes associated with murder with little or no repent at all. The sexual approach appears to be reflecting the course of action of the 1960s and ethical values are just not entertained at all. More in alignment with the context of the antiestablishment principals the characters are not will the authority to bring or reach to the aspect of justice but they are more concerned with the living and tend to extract the most out of

Introduction to Rhetorical Studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Introduction to Rhetorical Studies - Essay Example This essay will examine an example of a symbolic action, identify the audiences, and identify the second and the third persona show what the audience agency is. Language can be used as a symbol Kenneth Burke gives an example where while in class he saw a bird flying up in order to get out of a room. This action of the bird flying up in order to get out is due to tropisms; although the windows were open the bird kept flying nervously about the ceiling. The windows were high, they extended almost to the ceiling; yet the bird kept trying to escape by batting against the ceiling rather than dipping down and flying out of one the open windows (4). This particular bird’s instinct was to escape by flying up; hence it ignored the easy exit through the windows. Burke imagines how different things would be if the bird could speak his language. A simple statement would have served to solve the problem. Fly down just a foot and out one of those windows would have solved the problem if the bird could hear the language of human beings this shows how symbolic language can be. Burke gives another example where a bird uses the principle of leverage as an improved method for Unnesting or de birding a Nest but it cannot spread the information to other birds because of lack of language to communicate the invention and make it spread throughout all birddom. Man is considered to be a symbol-using animal; he clings to a kind of naà ¯ve verbal realism that refuses to realize the full extent of the role played by symbolicity in his notions of reality (Burke, 5). The second persona in the example of the bird is the reader because he is the one representing the pronoun ‘you’. The third persona is the bird because it because it is the one used to depict the pronoun they. The audience agency in the examples of symbolism above is to show clearly how symbolic language can

Organizational Behavior Essay Example for Free

Organizational Behavior Essay There are basically 2 types of organizational structures commonly found in every organization. Namely these two are the vertical organization or the horizontal organization. (Deal, Kennedy, Deal Kennedy, 2000). I myself have worked in both scenarios and personally favor the horizontal approach as the proposition for success is to work in teams, and cross functional teams. If a company follows a vertical approach then supervision of work becomes a much more difficult task and communication gaps arise which have been termed as the major component of project and process failures. In a horizontal organization hierarchal levels are divided in such a way that management of work becomes easier and people of different departments can share their expertise and knowledge when working together. An organization’s bottom line consists of 2 aspects, which are sales and costs. It is the major objective of any organization to maximize its sales and decrease its costs to the minimum in order to extract maximum revenues and hence increase profits and growth (Belker Topchik,2005). Costs can be reduced when a horizontal structure is being followed as the number of channels through which information flows till it reaches its destination is reduced but opposite is in the case of a vertical approach where any information needs to cross through many channels before it reaches its destination. his results in the altering of the original message which negatively affects business plus due to the number of channels costs also increase (Porter, 1998). In the same way cross functional teams in a horizontal approach can lead to better and efficient performance as each member of the team is representing his or her department and wants to prove his or her abilities, hence this results in more efficient business processes (Singer, 2004). On the other hand a vertical approach makes it difficult for the company to work because no department is ready to share his or her data with other departments and it is difficult to manage the circulation of information throughout the organization, which results in slow business processes and inefficiency.

Horace Miner’s Body Ritual Among the Nacirema Essay -- Horace Miner Bo

Horace Miner’s Body Ritual Among the Nacirema In Horace Miner’s article, â€Å"Body Ritual Among the Nacirema†, he talks about a tribe and describes their odd behavior. He tells about how the tribe performs these strange daily rituals and how their peculiarity is extreme, but in fact he is actually speaking of Americans as a whole (Miner). Miner uses this style of writing to more effectively prove his point: that Americans are ethnocentric. Miner does an exceptional job in disguising the Nacirema as Americans. Some of the things he disguises are the bathroom, which he says is a cleansing shrine. He disguises the medicine chest as the main device in the shrine, a bundle of hog hairs on a stick as a toothbrush, and magical potions as medicine (Miner). In this article, Miner gives a few hints that the Nairema are indeed Americans. The fact that Nacirema spelled backwards is American is a huge hint by itself. Another clue is the â€Å"holy-mouth-men.† If you sit down and think about it for a second it is obvious to realize that they are indeed dentists. Also the me...

Explore the ways in which Collins presents the relationships between men and women in The Moonstone Essay

Explore the ways in which Collins presents the relationships between men and women in The Moonstone. Do male or female characters have more influence in the novel? In this essay I will explore the relationships between male and female characters in the novel ‘The Moonstone’. This essay will evaluate all of the key characters, from the annoyingly religious Miss Clack to the caring and loving Gabriel Betteredge. I will explore the characters personality and decipher whether male or female characters have more influence in the novel. The book is split into eight narratives written by different characters to show what each character is thinking and to give different perspectives as the events unfold. This technique also adds tension as certain secrets are hidden from individuals so not everyone knows the whole truth. Out of the eight narratives only one is written by a woman (Drusilla Clack) whilst all the others are written by male characters. The female characters in the novel are all very atypical, as they stand up for themselves and do not just give way. This was uncommon in the Victorian era as women had few rights and were not expected to be hot tempered. Miss Rachel, a young lady born into a rich family, acts in an unlady-like manner at certain points in the story, especially when she refuses to give information on what she knows about the diamond. Betteredge, one of the characters who knows Rachel Verinder best, said that he could â€Å"Call to mind, in her childhood, more than one occasion when the good little soul took the blame, and suffered the punishment, for some fault committed by a playfellow whom she loved†. This aspect of Rachel’s character and personality is shown many times in the novel, for instance, when she refuses to talk about the diamond for Franklin Blake’s reputation would be shattered if she spoke. This gives the reader the impression that Rachel values her friends and family and she is a women of her word. This adds suspense to the novel and greatly effects the plot as if she had revealed what she knew then Franklin Blake would have been arrested and would not have had a chance of defending himself, resulting in the Moonstone never being found and Godfrey Ablewhite getting away, with no consequences. In the book the majority of the discoveries are made by men, although this is because the female characters already knew the truth; they just hadn’t revealed it. One of the cases of this happening is when Franklin Blake deciphers the code to find Rosanna Spearmen’s chest. This held many secrets which Rosanna had kept silent about for a long time. This effects the outcome of the novel, as since Rosanna kept quite over her love of Franklin Blake, the truth of the moonstone being revealed is delayed, giving time for the events at London to unfold. The reader really gets the impression of Rosannas love of Mr Franklin Blake from this act, of saving his reputation, even though holding these secrets could be argued to be a massive factor of her eventual suicide. Despite this, Franklin never really notices Rosanna Spearman; this is probably due to the fact that in his eyes she is just a housemaid with a lumpy shoulder. Social class is outlined here, with the rich Franklin Blake and the poor Rosanna Spearman. The different social classes were more prominent in Victorian times and Collins also uses class in his other novels such as the woman in white, where Walter Hartright and Laura Fairlie fall in love, but due to Walter’s low social class, they separate. When Rosanna dies, it could be suggested that Ezra Jennings is introduced to replace her, as these two characters are very similar in personality and are both rejected by most members of society. They are also both attracted to Mr Franklin Blake in different ways; Rosanna has an undying love for him, and Ezra asks himself â€Å"What is the secret of the attraction that there is for me in this man?†. Both characters also had rough upbringings, as Rosanna was a thief as a child and Ezra was beaten and was mistreated mercilessly by his family. Ezra Jennings is also addicted to Opium, as â€Å"for ten years past I have suffered from an incurable internal complaint†. His addiction to the drug led to his painful and horrific nights, and Opium also destroyed his nervous system. Wilkie Collins probably introduced Ezra Jennings as a character which he could relate to, as Collins himself was addicted to Opium, which is probably why the drug plays such a significant part in the book. Collins believed he had an imaginary friend named ‘Ghost Wilkie’ and often hallucinated in his sleep. His other novels have opium in them, so his way of relating to his addiction was to put it into his books. Opium plays a significant part in the book, as Ezra uses it in his experiment to discover who took the diamond. The reader feels uncertainty when the book dapples in the secret world of Opium as most readers would not have tried it and therefore do not know how powerful it is and what it can do. Gabriel Betteredge often talks about which side of Mr Franklin Blake’s character is shining through, and believes it to be due to all of Franklin’s foreign training (Betteredge usually relates his strict character to Franklin’s German side, his poeticness to his French side, and his bravery to his English side). This gives Mr Franklin Blake no distinct character. This gives you the impression that Gabriel Betteredge is very stereotypically British, supporting his country and almost believing that the English are superior to others. Godfrey Ablewhite however, has a very different character which is hidden from the public view. He tries to get across the image of a hardworking gentleman who dedicates his life to the many women’s charities he patronizes, when he is actually a man swallowed in debt and trying to rob people of their riches to pay it off. His debt was one of the key reasons why he asked to marry Rachel Verinder, as he thought that he would inherit enough money to pay off the debt; however that did not turn out to be the case. When Rachel asked for the marriage to be cancelled, Godfrey did not try to put up any resistance, as he knew that he would not receive the inheritance he had hoped for. Godfrey also gets engaged to another woman, but the marriage is broken off for similar reasons. At the end of the book, Godfrey is in disguise as a sailor with a dark complexion when he tries to get the Moonstone from the bank. This is symbolism as it outlines the fact that he is leading a double life, and he has a dark complexion as Betteredge and Franklin immediately suspected the Indians of stealing the diamond. Their immediate suspicion of the Indians affects the plot greatly as it means that Godfrey Ablewhite has time to hide the diamond without being suspected, as all eyes were on the Indians. The view the public have of him is different to what he is actually like, and if it had not been for Mr Matthew Bruff, the marriage might not have been called off. Miss Clack often swoons at the sight of Mr Godfrey Ablewhite; this is because she believes he is a hardworking Christian, and refers to him as â€Å"gifted† and â€Å"wonderful†. It is therefore no surprise that she is shocked when she, by chance, hears Godfrey’s proposal to Rachel. It is here that he admits that his, â€Å"Charitable business is an unendurable nuisance† and that if â€Å"I see a Ladies’ committee now, I wish myself at the uttermost ends of the earth†. Miss Clack is highly offended by this, as she is a member of ‘The Mothers Small Clothes Conversion Society’, but she dismisses this out of hand as being a slip of the tongue in the heat of the moment. Miss Clack’s personality is very different to the other female characters in the book, as she is a character of a certain type of hypocrite. She never leaves without her Christian pamphlets and she often tries to spread her faith through these tracts. She may be doing this to turn more people Christian, or she may just be doing this as it is in her sphere of power and it makes her feel as though she has more influence on society. A perfect example of Miss Clack’s character is when she visits Lady Verinder and Rachel, but upon realising that Lady Verinder’s doctor is trying to use medication to treat Lady Verinder instead of praying to god and waiting for him to perform a miracle, she spreads religious books of her choice around the Verinder’s house. She believes that this act did not make her a nuisance, but instead, a â€Å"True Christian†. Miss Clack has a very different opinion of herself compared to what other people think of her. Even the kind and loving Gabriel Betteredge, who has a good word to say about almost everyone, does not take well to Miss Clack. Before handing over the job of narrating to her, he asks the reader to â€Å"Just do me the favour of not believing a word she says, if she speaks of your humble servant†. This shows that she is believed to not be a teller of truths, and Betteredge is pre-warning the reader of what to prepare for. We believe what Betteredge says and not Miss Clack as he has shown himself to be an honourable character, worthy of the readers trust. Our decision to believe him and not Miss Clack is also influenced by other characters, as Franklin Blake often refers to him as â€Å"a dear old friend†, so others characters have respect for him as well. In the story, female characters do not reveal what they know straight away. This adds suspense to the story, as you have to wait a long time for the secret which will put together a new piece of the puzzle. A good example of this is Rosanna’s letter to Mr Franklin Blake, explaining where the chest is hidden, and inside the chest is Rosanna’s narrative which explains events before and after Rachel Verinder’s 18th birthday party leading up to Rosanna’s suicide told through her point of view. The letter’s opening is delayed however, as Limping Lucy refuses to give it to anyone other than Franklin Blake himself. This lets the events at London unfold, and the case of the Moonstone is put on hold for a short period. Limping Lucy is Rosanna Spearman’s only friend, and was understandably angry at Franklin as she believed that he forced Rosanna into suicide. Limping Lucy has a severe limp in her left foot, and this may be one of the reasons why she and Rosanna are so good friends, as they both have physical deformities and are rejected by most members of society. I believe that female characters have more influence on the plot of the novel due to their actions which are gradually revealed to the reader. Superficially, male characters seem to have a larger role in the discovery of the secrets behind the moonstone but this is because they are only just digging in to what the female characters already know. The fact that male characters have almost all of the narrations add to the secrecy of the novel and also reinforces the point of male character seemingly having more influence and control of the plot, when all they are doing is discovering what is beneath the surface of an apparently settled world in the novel.

In the Penal Colony

Although Kafka’s story â€Å"In the Penal Colony† can be considered 3rd person omniscient, I believe the story was primary narrated through officer. I agree with Brittany’s interpretation that the traveler benefits from the narration of the officer, because I believe that the traveler symbolizes the reader while the officer plays a more active role as the narrator. The traveler like the reader is brought to a foreign place where the officer’s explain the intricacies of his beloved machine. The officer seems to be in control of everyone on the penal colony, while the traveler seems to be a passive bystander who did not try to stop the officer’s â€Å"unjustified† punishment. â€Å"The traveler now wanted to remain silent, but he felt the eyes of the condemned man on him; he seemed to be asking whether the traveler could approve the procedure that had just been described. † (Page 40) Even when the traveler believed that it was immoral to â€Å"judge† the condemned man without a fair trial, he believe it was wiser to not to interfere with the officer’s judgment. Nevertheless, he had to remind himself that this was a penal colony, that special disciplinary measures were necessary here, and that military procedures had to prevail throughout. † (Page 41) Therefore, I think the authoritative officer seems to be primary narrator. By presenting the narrative in this perspective, the reader like the traveler is able to emotionally and intellectually react to story; however, we can only be the passive bystander watching the inhumane acts unfold right before our eyes. Perhaps we are the traveler who just happens to be â€Å"invited† to penal colony. Perhaps we possess neither the courage nor the power to stop torture of the condemned man. More importantly, by representing the traveler as the reader, Kafka asks the reader several critical questions. Would we impose our judgment upon others, if we deem them immoral? Are we the passive bystander who would do nothing to stop torture? How can we â€Å"be just? †

buy custom Battle of Saratoga essay

buy custom Battle of Saratoga essay This paper addresses the battle of Saratoga. It spells out the main parties to the battle of Saratoga. It also spells out how the battle advanced and what the main motivating factor behind the battle was (Augustus, 1839). More than this, it gives the identity of the men who led the Americans and the British armies in the war. The paper further states the hardships that the American soldiers faced in the battle. Other aspects that are spelt out include the factors that led to the defeat of the British army. It also explains how the French gave their support to America after they won in this battle. The battle of Saratoga was comprised of two battles, which took place in September 1777 and October 1777. The battles are up-to-date considered as the turning point of American Revolutionary war. The Saratoga battle began when the British planned to control New York especially the upstate part. The British also made a plan to isolate New England from other southern colonies. This was geared towards putting an end to the prevailing revolution. The British troops went to battle led by General John Burgoyne. They planned to drive from Montreal to Albany along Lake Champlain, Lake George, and Hudson River. They were to join forces at Albany with two other British Commands. One was coming from New York while the other was coming from Mohawk River. The team by General John Burgoyne faced obstacles in the forest as they headed south. One obstacle was near Lake George where there were colonists who were felling trees. These troops blocked the path by General John Burgoyne Team. This caused a slowdown of the team. It took the team a considerably longer time to reach their destination. They faced a challenge of the fact that their supplies were running out of supplies by the time they arrived at FortEdward. The team sent a portion of their group to procure cattle and supplies from Vermont. Some colonist forces attacked this team and the numbers by Burgoyne were further dwindled. The American Scouts noticed the invasion by General John Burgoyne, and immediately Gates was notified. He ordered Daniel Morgan who was a colonel to track down the march by the British men. They were finally tracked down on the Freeman Farm. They engaged each other in a battle that lasted for more than 3 hours. From the onset, the Americans were numerically superior to the British army. During this encounter, General John Burgoyne forced the American soldirs to withdraw (Augustus, 1839). They mainly won because the ammunition the Americans was nearly exhausted. General John Burgoyne was shaken, and he ordered his army to wait for Clinton. He wanted to ensure that his team is larger than it had been during the first encounter (Kethum, 1999). Clinton was at this time expected to be preparing to move north from New York. They waited for Clinton for three weeks, but he did not turn up. General John Burgoyne had to decide whether to retreat or to advance in the war. He decided to take the risk and engage in his earlier plans. This was because he noticed that the more he waited the more the American army was advancing in size. His armies supplies were also diminishing by the day as he waited and thus he understood he had no more time. The Americans were well set, for they knew that the British team was about to advance. In a separate account, the other group of British Army led by General Howe was travelling north of New York City. They undecided to veer from their previous plan and take on the city of Philadelphia (Rees, 1996). They went ahead with this plan. The continental army of Washington prevented the team from leaving and joining hands with General John Burgoyne. In addition, Washington realized that a massive war was about to emerge. In their defense, they sent large troops to the North. There was an announcement that any military group that could join those troops was at Liberty to do so. This ended up to be extremely sturdy contingent troop and Militia gathering in the Saratoga area (Furneaux, 1971). Now, General John Burgoyne and his troop began to advance south again. They were, however, stopped ten miles below Saratoga. This was the beginning of the battle of Saratoga (Vierow, 2003). This was known the battle of Freemans Farm, and it took place on September, 19 1977. It began when militiamen from Virginia harassed the British. At the same time, other colonists aggressively fought the British. The British felt the loss more as they lost twice as many men as the American side. Gates and Benedict Arnold who was a field general led the American side (Augustus, 1839). The second battle, which is counted as part of battle of Saratoga, took place in October 7 the same year. This battle was named the second battle of Saratoga. It happened when General John Burgoyne decided to break free from the colonial forces that surrounded him (Cuneo, 1967). Thhe army by General John Burgoyne was by this time cut down to about 5000 men. They were facing the American side led by Gates that had 20 000 men. General John Burgoyne was also disadvantaged at this point because they were falling short of supplies in a foreign land (Furneaux, 1971). In this endeavor, he wanted to send them out of the field. In this battle, the British armies and the German allies who were helping them were devastated in battle. The defeat at the Bemis Heights forced General John Burgoyne to withdraw into the northern region. He went to the village, which is now called Schuylerville Village. As he began his retreat, Gates and his men followed him and surrounded him at Saratoga. While here, he consented defeat and surrendered on October 17 1777. The Saratoga monument was set up in this place to commemorate the momentous day of victory. General John Burgoyne was disgraced after the defeat, and he started his way back to England. It is noted that he was not given another command. The French people were now persuaded to support the Americans with some military aid. This defeat of the England forces by the Americans is thus the turning point of the American Revolution. Despite the wining by the American Army, they faced many challenges. In times of need the army, had to recruit slaves and other pardoned criminals? The leaders of the army knew that the wining tactic was ensuring that their numbers were larger than those of General John Burgoyne were. To this end, the American army at times enrolled the British side deserters and the people who would be termed as prisoners of war. Enrolling American men was sometimes hard, as the portion of people who were farmers did not want to leave their fields unattended. People also failed to join the army, as the compensation thereby was extremely low. In times of inflation, the militiamen received remarkably little amount of money as upkeep. There also lacked pension systems that would compensate the soldiers in cases where the soldiers died. There were also easy spreads of diseases in the police camps; they lacked the necessary facilities as they slept without tents and in other cases without blankets. They were also scarcity of food in their tents. The soldiers contended with so many problems as they even lacked cooking utensils and sometimes resulted to eating raw meat. They, however, garnered all their energy and won the British Army (Cuneo, 1967). Buy custom Battle of Saratoga essay buy custom Battle of Saratoga essay This paper is a bout the battle of Saratoga and how it was a major turning point in the revolutionary war. The paper starts by looking at how it all begun some of the involved groups and their significance at the various stages of the battle. The paper also looks at how and why other nations got involved in this war for instance France and Spain. This paper looks at some of the benefits that Americans got by participating in this war for instance the bill of rights ,that were effected and some of the constitutional amendments that came with it. Introduction The Battle of Saratoga was one of Americas major and historic turning points of all the revolutions that America has ever undergone. In this battle, America proved to the whole world that indeed they have an army that was sufficiently effective to fight and defeat well trained British army. This is considered as one of Americas successful battles of all time. When the Americans seemed to overpower the Britons, other European countries became more interested with Americans and how they had managed to put up such a fight against the then powerful nation like Britain. Most of them including France and Spain joined them and provided assistance but secretly. During the 1777 British campaign, Burgoyne who was by then a Major General organized a three columns concentric advance which was to take place in New York. Burgoyne led one of the teams that took the southward direction along river Hudson. Another group under the impetus of General Barry Leger whose main work or responsibility was to provide a diversionary attack, and lastly there was another third group under the leadership of General Howe was dispatched to operate along river Mohawk. The plan was well drawn out and General Howe was expected to direct the group under General Henry to take the northern direction along river Hudson to meet General Burgoyne at Albany. The main aim of this strategy was to basically destroy the massive and brutish forces of New England and also to reduce their influence across Europe. Background information According to Todd L. and Curtis Eugene (1990)The goal of the 1777 campaigns was to basically to take control of the Hudson river, the Lake Champlain and the surrounding areas, by so doing they would have automatically and effectively isolated the oppressive England from their other American colonies. This invasion had been planed in such away that two aspects were to be addressed. First, Burgoyne was to lead a group of people towards Albany in New York along Lake Champlain. Burgoyne started off and within a very short period of time he had managed to recapture Fort Ticonderoga. From there on, Burgoynes march became a bit slow because of a few logistics because of the fact that they were moving through bushes and they also kept on stopping on the way to engage in a bit of training. They also face some problems on their way like being attacked by smaller groups which were sent out to distract them and seize them up and thwart their efforts to access their supplies. They were lucky because most of these kinds of destruction were defeated by the American militia for instance in the Bennington battle. Unfortunately in this instances Burgoyne kept on losing some of his men in the process .There was an instance where the American militia attempted to intervene and provide assistance but got ambushed and had no option but to scatter in a battle that was dubbed Oriskany.A second group that was under the leadership of Benedict Arnold, abandoned him and he had no other option other than returning to Quebec and rethink his strategy. Burgoynes set backs Burgoyne's Group was reduced by almost half in the various battles that they had been engaged in for instance in the battle of Bennington and the fact that they were running out of supplies .Despite all his setbacks, Burgoyne was determined to struggle and fight on in a bid to get to Albany (Frederickson J 2006). There was an American army under the leadership of General Horatio Gates which had already taken over parts of Saratoga. Burgoyne atempted to outflank the American army unfortunately he could not outdo them at the very first Saratoga battle .Burgoyne came up with desperate attempts but in vain and again he feared that the army that was under the leadership of General Howe which was operating in New York would be coming. The American militia and other natives joined the army that was under the stewardship of General Gates making it more stronger. Burgoyne run out of options after losing terribly in the second battle of Saratoga and had to surrender. Saratoga was basically like the turning point that brought about confidence and determination particularly after Howe managed to successful occupy and take control over Philadelphia. This victory in many ways encouraged France to join hands with American after secretly supporting them for close to two solid years. After the alliance and support from other nations, things became more complicated for the Britons. The British plan The British plan which was all about repelling the Americans and gaining more ground seemed to work but only for awhile. The Burgoyne's army had for some time manages to repel and push back the American forces southward as they attempted to surge upwards along the Hudson River .In an a bid to impede the progress of the British army , General Philip Schuyler of America added another group of army. This group moved along the Mohawk River as a reinforcement team. After a while General Arnold went back with his group after successfully fighting off enemies in good time to participate in the battle of Saratoga. The First and second Battles of Saratoga According to Ketchum R. (1999) the very first battle of Saratoga started on 19 September, 1777 .In this very first encounter General Gates who had poor execution lost some substantive ground to the Britons. This was partly due to the disagreement that erupted between him and General Arnold. This was due to difference in tactic they intended to use; this saw Gates relieve Arnold from commanding the army. The deadly battle of Bemis Heights came to be considered as the second battle of Saratoga. After awhile, General Gates took over leadership and command from Schuyler, whose ideologies and political strategies had had hit a snug for instance the loss of Ticonderoga which forced him to retreat. Gates immediately commanded his army to march towards the north. At a place known as the Bemis Heights which is situated north of Stillwater, which is just a few miles south of Saratoga, was picked as a base of its strategic positioning. The army took some time at this place strategizing on how to launch attacks. Bemis was chosen because of its height which could provide a good and clear view .That very first battle actually began when Burgoyne directed some of his troops to Bemis Height in an attempt to stop the American from encroaching on Bemis Heights. General Benedict Arnold was well informed and to counter the move he placed massive forces in their way. Factors that led to Americas triumph The battle of Saratoga was a turning point for the a American people in many ways .First of all ,this battle made American win over the confidence of other countries that had a problem with the British dominance. By successfully participating in this battle the Americans got a lot of morale and knew that they can as well have say in their own matters. Americans capitalized on the weaknesses of the British army for instance the British army had poor planning and lacked proper direction from their headquarters in London. Another reason why the British army lost miserably is because they were far from and could not easily access their supplies in Canada. American also won the battle because they had received the backing of other European nations but clandestinely for instance France who supplied them with war materials and also the French navy played a very big role in helping the American. When France openly came to the assistance of Americans, other countries also joined in, for instance Spain who claimed that they are in the war as Frances ally. The Battle of Saratoga is bbelieved to have been a major turning point for America. Americans had numerous opportunities that helped them win the battle. For instance when the British army was moving south and away from their main source of their supplies which was in Canada. The Generals of the American army got wind of this and took advantage of it by executing their operations. During the 1777 encounter was the first time the American army got to meet the British army in a full dress war and emerged winners. Why the battle was seen as a turning point to Americans The Battle of Saratoga was viewed as a major turning point because of quite a number of reasons which are seen as benefits to the Americans. First of all, Americans started to benefit and fully enjoy their basic rights that they had been denied by the oppressive Britons. This came with a series of constitutional amendments that gave more freedom and privilege to the people of America including liberties to engage I whatever they are interested in. The American legislators got the power to amend the constitution and they even incorporate like forty new provisions .This saw Americans gain a lot of freedoms and other rights which were incorporated in their constitution (Bass H. 1990). Some of them included freedom of speech, freedom of press, freedom of assembly and also freedom to be tried by the jury. The British authorities had become very oppressive and that is why most of their colonies hated them and helped Americans .After they had actively participated in the French and the Indian Wars, the Britons felt that they had lost some substantive amount of money and the best way to recover that was by taxing their colonies heavily. This move was bitterly resisted by most British colonies who believed that they were not the main reason why Britain had incurred big losses .This prompted most of them to gang against the British authorities .This was a common behavior that the British authorities had adopted, whereby after engaging in wars with other countries and incurring losses, they resort to heavily taxing their colonies. The good thing is that whenever the Britons came up with a new law concerning the taxation, their colonists hated and disliked them even more. Somehow it may sound like it is a good thing for The Britons to impose more taxes on their colonists because it was them that they were protecting after all. According to most Americans this was not the best way to support their mother country; they looked at it as a form of oppression and exploitation. Americans felt that being indebted to their mother country for protection was basically missing the point and it was not what they were looking for. American authorities believed that the British authorities were trying to use their colonies for economic and political gains. The American Revolution came in handy to end that exploitation and oppression. This was a great thing to ever happen in the history of America and in shaping it to what it is today. This revolution was inevitably going to take place happen because of the eagerness of America and other colonies to becoming free. This was timely because American eventually got an opportunity to work together and could join any relig ious organization with out being persecuted. According to Murrin J. et al (2008) this opened up opportunities to Americans all over the world they also got an opportunity to amend their constitution and other laws and political system. Americans showed their former colonialist that they were in apposition to make a living by themselves and providing protection to themselves by putting up that revolution. This was indeed a turning point to Americans in the sense that they realized that they can actually empower themselves and become their own authority. This revolution made Americans to become conscious about the fact that there was no rationale or justification for them to depend or rely on the British government to help them stay afloat. Without this revolution ,the Americans were not only trying to run away from the Not only were they still trying to break away from the oppressive and exploitative British but it gave them an opportunity to form a central government system. Buy custom Battle of Saratoga essay

Best Writing Apps and Tools of 2018 - Freewrite Store

Best Writing Apps and Tools of 2018 - Freewrite Store Writing Software that Will Blow Your Mind Today’s guest post is by  Matt Grant.  Matt is a Brooklyn-based writer and editor.  His  work has appeared in  Literary Hub,  Book Riot,  HuffPost, and  BookBrowse.  Find Matt  online, or follow him on  Twitter  and  Facebook. Writing Software that Will Blow Your Mind As writers, we know that our craft takes time and energy. The last thing we need is to get bogged down in the process itself. Beyond the basic story, we’re often also struggling to keep track of character details, side plots, and random flashes of inspiration for parts of the story we’re not even working on yet. We need a solid place to keep all of this information in one, easily accessible place. Thankfully, gone are the days where you sat down at a typewriter and wrote everything in one long document. Yet one of the most frustrating things in our technological age is to be plugging away on a work in progress, only to get sidelined by bad or sluggish software. Below is a list of some of the best planning, writing and editing software available today with amazing features you didn’t know you needed. And the best part is, many of them are free. Planning: Scapple Scapple, by the folks at Literature and Latte, is a basic mind-mapping tool. It’s super simple and easy to use. All you do is make notes and connect them to one another by dragging and dropping them onto one another. Notes can be customized by color and size, although these options are limited. This can actually be a good thing, though, since you can’t waste too much time worrying about making your map look pretty. Scapple makes brainstorming not only easy, but fun. It’s like having an endless amount of paper at your disposal. Running out of room? No problem, you can easily zoom out of your working area and start a new map or connection in another area. yWriter – FREE! (Windows Only) yWriter is a free word processor for Windows PCs. Built by a writer for writers, the program breaks up your novel into scenes or chapters, making it easier for you to keep track of what goes where. You can create character cards and tags, and add a lot of helpful customizable notes to your scenes, such as the time of day it takes place and how long the scene is supposed to last. Due to its simplicity, I wouldn’t recommend yWriter for writing a full novel, although it has been done. There are much more advanced programs for that. yWriter is better for planning out your story scene by scene. But if you’re on a budget, yWriter will get the job done! Writing: Scrivener I’ve been using Scrivener for several years now, and it’s hands-down the best thing that could have happened to my writing. Scrivener is one of most popular writing tools available today. It’s so much more than just a word processor – it’s a novel-generating machine. Similar to yWriter, Scrivener allows you to break up your project into different parts, but it’s not just confined to chapters or scenes. You can have a flashback, a brief exchange between characters, or an entire short story in one document. These can be edited separately, allowing you to focus on just one small part of your work, or in â€Å"Scrivenings Mode,† which links together a series of scenes, like a whole first act. There are tons of easy-to-use, customizable features like split-screen, a digital note card outliner, a binder, and my personal favorite, compose mode.    If it all seems overwhelming, you don’t have to use all of the features. With Scrivener, you can find what works for you. It’s also cheap – at less than $50, Scrivener is an absolute steal. Sprinter – FREE! If you like â€Å"word sprints† – quick, 15-minute bursts of writing – consider giving Sprinter a try. Sprinter is an uncomplicated, distraction-free web-based writing program with a timer. You simply start writing, and the timer on the right side of the page begins its countdown. Need more than 15 minutes? No problem, set the timer for as long as you wish. You can also make a word count goal. Sprinter is great for brainstorming, flash fiction, writing prompts, and more. If you need to save your work for later, create a Postbox account and sync to Dropbox, Google Drive, and Evernote. Ulysses (Mac only) Similar to Scrivener, Ulysses is a customizable writing tool with lots of great features. You can organize your writing by project or subject, attach files, set writing goals, and add links and images to your text with ease. Ulysses utilizes a clear, clean, and beautiful interface. The editor allows you to choose your own colors, outlines, and more.  Ã‚   One of the greatest benefits of Ulysses is its synchronization capabilities. The program syncs seamlessly with iCloud and works on iOS as well, so you can write anywhere you are, on any device. It also integrates with Dropbox, making it easy to collaborate with others. iaWriter (Mac and Android only – FREE on Android!) iaWriter earns its place on this list because it’s a clear and clean plain-text editor with some of the most important features of the others, but at a much lower price. iaWriter might not be as versatile as Ulysses and Scrivener, but it works on the same principles. One of the coolest features that set iaWriter apart is Focus Mode, which dims everything except the current sentence you’re working on. You’re sure to have better and stronger sentences after using it. Syntax Control makes Focus Mode even better by highlighting your sentence’s grammatical structure. With the latest version of iaWriter, you can even add pictures and tables to content blocks, in case you’re working on something other than a straightforward novel. Editing: Hemingway Editor – FREE! If you haven’t been using this free online editing software that highlights your sentence structure and syntax, you’ve been missing out. Simply copy and paste your text into the Hemingway Editor’s interface, and it will show you what needs to be fixed. Things like overly complex structures, use of passive voice, and readability all become instantly highlighted and color-coded, allowing you to see all problems at a glance. You can even format your text into headings, subheadings, and add quotes and links. There’s a paid desktop version that works offline as well. Grammarly – FREE! Grammarly is a neat little browser extension that does essentially the same thing the Hemingway Editor does, but in real time. It will highlight spelling and grammar errors and suggest fixes. Grammarly also sends weekly emails summarizing your editing stats. You can opt out of if this feature if you wish. The greatest thing about this free plugin is that it works on most websites and text boxes, including Gmail and social media sites. Use it, and you’ll never accidentally send an unedited tweet again! When it comes to your writing projects, don’t settle for just a straightforward word processor anymore. With so much technology at your fingertips, there are thousands of writing tools and apps available that can make your writing time more productive and enjoyable than ever. Yet each program is as unique and different as every writer. Remember that not every program is going to fit your particular needs and style. If you’re spending money, take time to choose a program that will work for you. Most of these programs offer trial versions, so spend time learning them and working out their features before you pay. Just don’t take too long – your work in progress still needs your attention as well! What writing software do you swear by? Do you have any programs that you love and would recommend to others? Let us know in the comments!    Matt Grant  loves to write about writing, business, and all forms of popular  culture – books, film, and television. Matt started writing DVD reviews for  Pop Matters  in 2012, and in 2016, he followed through on a life-long dream by launching a part-time writing business at  www.mattgrantwriter.com. Since then, Matt’s work has appeared in  Literary Hub,  Book Riot,  HuffPost, and  BookBrowse,  and he has several ongoing clients.  His first personal essay,  Swimming Lessons,  is being published in LongReads at the end of August. Matt is also currently hard at work on his first novel, a comedic take on fantasy tropes for young adults. When not writing or reading, Matt works in youth development as an after-school program director  for one of the largest middle schools in Manhattan. Matt lives in Brooklyn with his wife, Katelyn. You can find him online at  www.mattgrantwriter.com, on  Twitter  @mattgrantwriter, and on Facebook  @mattgra ntwriter. Best Writing Apps and Tools of 2018 - Freewrite Store Writing Software that Will Blow Your Mind Today’s guest post is by  Matt Grant.  Matt is a Brooklyn-based writer and editor.  His  work has appeared in  Literary Hub,  Book Riot,  HuffPost, and  BookBrowse.  Find Matt  online, or follow him on  Twitter  and  Facebook. Writing Software that Will Blow Your Mind As writers, we know that our craft takes time and energy. The last thing we need is to get bogged down in the process itself. Beyond the basic story, we’re often also struggling to keep track of character details, side plots, and random flashes of inspiration for parts of the story we’re not even working on yet. We need a solid place to keep all of this information in one, easily accessible place. Thankfully, gone are the days where you sat down at a typewriter and wrote everything in one long document. Yet one of the most frustrating things in our technological age is to be plugging away on a work in progress, only to get sidelined by bad or sluggish software. Below is a list of some of the best planning, writing and editing software available today with amazing features you didn’t know you needed. And the best part is, many of them are free. Planning: Scapple Scapple, by the folks at Literature and Latte, is a basic mind-mapping tool. It’s super simple and easy to use. All you do is make notes and connect them to one another by dragging and dropping them onto one another. Notes can be customized by color and size, although these options are limited. This can actually be a good thing, though, since you can’t waste too much time worrying about making your map look pretty. Scapple makes brainstorming not only easy, but fun. It’s like having an endless amount of paper at your disposal. Running out of room? No problem, you can easily zoom out of your working area and start a new map or connection in another area. yWriter – FREE! (Windows Only) yWriter is a free word processor for Windows PCs. Built by a writer for writers, the program breaks up your novel into scenes or chapters, making it easier for you to keep track of what goes where. You can create character cards and tags, and add a lot of helpful customizable notes to your scenes, such as the time of day it takes place and how long the scene is supposed to last. Due to its simplicity, I wouldn’t recommend yWriter for writing a full novel, although it has been done. There are much more advanced programs for that. yWriter is better for planning out your story scene by scene. But if you’re on a budget, yWriter will get the job done! Writing: Scrivener I’ve been using Scrivener for several years now, and it’s hands-down the best thing that could have happened to my writing. Scrivener is one of most popular writing tools available today. It’s so much more than just a word processor – it’s a novel-generating machine. Similar to yWriter, Scrivener allows you to break up your project into different parts, but it’s not just confined to chapters or scenes. You can have a flashback, a brief exchange between characters, or an entire short story in one document. These can be edited separately, allowing you to focus on just one small part of your work, or in â€Å"Scrivenings Mode,† which links together a series of scenes, like a whole first act. There are tons of easy-to-use, customizable features like split-screen, a digital note card outliner, a binder, and my personal favorite, compose mode.    If it all seems overwhelming, you don’t have to use all of the features. With Scrivener, you can find what works for you. It’s also cheap – at less than $50, Scrivener is an absolute steal. Sprinter – FREE! If you like â€Å"word sprints† – quick, 15-minute bursts of writing – consider giving Sprinter a try. Sprinter is an uncomplicated, distraction-free web-based writing program with a timer. You simply start writing, and the timer on the right side of the page begins its countdown. Need more than 15 minutes? No problem, set the timer for as long as you wish. You can also make a word count goal. Sprinter is great for brainstorming, flash fiction, writing prompts, and more. If you need to save your work for later, create a Postbox account and sync to Dropbox, Google Drive, and Evernote. Ulysses (Mac only) Similar to Scrivener, Ulysses is a customizable writing tool with lots of great features. You can organize your writing by project or subject, attach files, set writing goals, and add links and images to your text with ease. Ulysses utilizes a clear, clean, and beautiful interface. The editor allows you to choose your own colors, outlines, and more.  Ã‚   One of the greatest benefits of Ulysses is its synchronization capabilities. The program syncs seamlessly with iCloud and works on iOS as well, so you can write anywhere you are, on any device. It also integrates with Dropbox, making it easy to collaborate with others. iaWriter (Mac and Android only – FREE on Android!) iaWriter earns its place on this list because it’s a clear and clean plain-text editor with some of the most important features of the others, but at a much lower price. iaWriter might not be as versatile as Ulysses and Scrivener, but it works on the same principles. One of the coolest features that set iaWriter apart is Focus Mode, which dims everything except the current sentence you’re working on. You’re sure to have better and stronger sentences after using it. Syntax Control makes Focus Mode even better by highlighting your sentence’s grammatical structure. With the latest version of iaWriter, you can even add pictures and tables to content blocks, in case you’re working on something other than a straightforward novel. Editing: Hemingway Editor – FREE! If you haven’t been using this free online editing software that highlights your sentence structure and syntax, you’ve been missing out. Simply copy and paste your text into the Hemingway Editor’s interface, and it will show you what needs to be fixed. Things like overly complex structures, use of passive voice, and readability all become instantly highlighted and color-coded, allowing you to see all problems at a glance. You can even format your text into headings, subheadings, and add quotes and links. There’s a paid desktop version that works offline as well. Grammarly – FREE! Grammarly is a neat little browser extension that does essentially the same thing the Hemingway Editor does, but in real time. It will highlight spelling and grammar errors and suggest fixes. Grammarly also sends weekly emails summarizing your editing stats. You can opt out of if this feature if you wish. The greatest thing about this free plugin is that it works on most websites and text boxes, including Gmail and social media sites. Use it, and you’ll never accidentally send an unedited tweet again! When it comes to your writing projects, don’t settle for just a straightforward word processor anymore. With so much technology at your fingertips, there are thousands of writing tools and apps available that can make your writing time more productive and enjoyable than ever. Yet each program is as unique and different as every writer. Remember that not every program is going to fit your particular needs and style. If you’re spending money, take time to choose a program that will work for you. Most of these programs offer trial versions, so spend time learning them and working out their features before you pay. Just don’t take too long – your work in progress still needs your attention as well! What writing software do you swear by? Do you have any programs that you love and would recommend to others? Let us know in the comments!    Matt Grant  loves to write about writing, business, and all forms of popular  culture – books, film, and television. Matt started writing DVD reviews for  Pop Matters  in 2012, and in 2016, he followed through on a life-long dream by launching a part-time writing business at  www.mattgrantwriter.com. Since then, Matt’s work has appeared in  Literary Hub,  Book Riot,  HuffPost, and  BookBrowse,  and he has several ongoing clients.  His first personal essay,  Swimming Lessons,  is being published in LongReads at the end of August. Matt is also currently hard at work on his first novel, a comedic take on fantasy tropes for young adults. When not writing or reading, Matt works in youth development as an after-school program director  for one of the largest middle schools in Manhattan. Matt lives in Brooklyn with his wife, Katelyn. You can find him online at  www.mattgrantwriter.com, on  Twitter  @mattgrantwriter, and on Facebook  @mattgra ntwriter.